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ISLAM

  ISLAM Ref. Islamic History- A very short introduction by Adam J. Silverstein Oxford University Presws , First published in 2010 EXCERPTS Islam began in Arabia. To Muslims this happened not with Muhammad but with Abraham who- together with his son Ismael, the progenitor of the- Arab build the K-aba in Mecca. Muhammad was born in Mecca circa 570….. he began to receive revelations that would become verses of the Koran,…... In 622 , he was forced to flee together with his supporters. ……as his relation with the Jews soured, their tribes were gradually expelled from the town and even, in some instance , executed. The Meccans were defeated eventually in 630 and over the next two years Muhammad managed to unite the tribes of Arabia under the umma’s banner. Ali became caliph in 656 and struggled to exert his influence widely …... After Ali’s death…… Mu’awiya’s accession came to be known as the first civil war or strife in Islamic history…… Mu’awiya move the capital to Damascus a
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On Kashmir by Ira Pande.

 On Kashmir  by  Ira Pande. "Kashmir is an integral part of India". I have heard this line parroted by leaders of all political hues.  Recently I came across facts that have changed my perspective on Kashmir totally. Facts that have astounded me. But more than that baffled me, for they reveal glaring lacunae in the history we have been led to believe is true. Understandable that the British established a syllabus designed to obliterate our glories and inculcate shame in us for all things Indian.  But, 70 years post-independence, we're still guilty of toeing their line. The facts I speak of are proof that Kashmir is the fountainhead from which flows our culture, in fact, everything that defines our identity as Indians. I had no clue at all about the significance of Kashmir in Indian history and that it was home to Panini, whose Ashtadhyayi is considered the most scientific and flawless treatise on grammar in the world...! Sharangdev, considered the father of both Hindustan
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Thank you India by Maria Wirth – Excerpts from the book

Thank you India by Maria Wirth – Excerpts from the book  ( She spent 38 yrs in India ) Indian influence on German Scientists  German philosophers where very interested in ancient Indian manuscripts which were often looted by missionaries. What about German scientists ? They were also very much interested in this.  Famous names are among them Einstein, Max Born, Max Planck, Heisenberg, Schrödinger. Weizaecker and Werner von Brown. These scientists of the early 20th century new about Indian philosophy and did not hide their knowledge of Vedanta. Schrodinger often ended his lectures with the Upanishadic quote “Atma is Brahma”. Einstein praised India for the invention of zero.  ……  I realised how advanced German scientists certainly where and why the Americans were so keen to capture them at the end of the war. The Americans and British even tried to out manoeuvre dear French and Russian allies in getting those scientists in 1945. Yet Russians also captured documents this was revealed almo
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Implementation of Innovative Actions & Future Suggestion

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Implementation of Innovative Actions & Future Suggestion I.      How a small thin O Ring stalls Motorcycle One of the leading two wheeler manufacturer in India observed that the FKM component is changing in volume & other properties with each successive exposure to atmospheric Heat & Gasoline fumes. According to them with the first exposure certain volumetric expansion takes place ( X ) and then when  the part is kept out (dried in atmosphere) it does not return to it’s original state. In the second exposure it starts swelling again from an already swollen state. If in stage 2 the swelling is Y, the total swelling shall be X + Y”. A swollen FKM ( or any Elastomer ) product will take very long period to dry but it can never come to its zero position , will be very close to zero. Question is after what period that stage will reach. These factors need to be kept in mind while designing the item. This causes fuel vapour leakage stalling of Engine. Swelling characteristic is
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